What term describes a substance that can be decomposed by bacteria or living things, thus not causing pollution?

The term that accurately describes a substance that can be decomposed by bacteria or living organisms, thus minimizing its environmental impact and not contributing to pollution, is biodegradable. Biodegradable materials break down naturally through the action of microorganisms, converting them into non-toxic substances that can return to the environment without causing harm.

In the context of this question, while "compostable" also refers to materials that can decompose, it specifically means that the materials can break down in a composting environment, which usually involves specific conditions such as heat, moisture, and the presence of microorganisms. Thus, while all compostable materials are biodegradable, not all biodegradable materials are necessarily compostable, as they may decompose under different conditions.

"Recyclable" pertains to materials that can be processed and transformed into new products but does not imply they will decompose in nature. Similarly, "degradable" refers to substances that can break down into simpler substances, but this term doesn’t specify that the breakdown is solely due to biological activity, which may sometimes involve chemical or physical processes that could still lead to pollution.

Therefore, biodegradable is the most appropriate choice, as it encapsulates the essential quality of being environmentally friendly through natural decomposition by living organisms.