What is the term for substances applied to the body to alter its appearance?

The term for substances applied to the body to alter its appearance is "cosmetics." Cosmetics include a wide variety of products such as makeup, creams, and powders that enhance or change the appearance of the skin, eyes, lips, and nails. The primary purpose of cosmetics is to improve aesthetic appeal, covering imperfections or adding color and shine.

In contrast, lotions are typically moisturizing products that hydrate the skin but may not necessarily alter its appearance in a cosmetic sense. Emollients are substances that soften and smooth the skin, often used for therapeutic purposes rather than for aesthetic changes. Astringents are substances that cause the contraction of body tissues and are often used to cleanse the skin or reduce oiliness, but they do not primarily focus on altering appearance. Thus, cosmetics is the most accurate term for substances designed specifically for enhancing or changing the look of the body.