What is the main component that forms the lattice structure in graphene?

The main component that forms the lattice structure in graphene is carbon. Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. Each carbon atom in graphene is covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms, creating a stable and strong structure. This arrangement not only contributes to graphene's impressive mechanical strength but also significantly influences its electrical conductivity, making it an important material in various applications, including electronics and materials science.

Oxygens, nitrogens, and hydrogens do not form the primary structure of graphene. While these elements can be involved in reactions or modifications of graphene, it is the carbon atoms that are fundamental to the unique properties and configuration of the material itself.