What is one method used to fabricate hollow nanoparticles?

One method used to fabricate hollow nanoparticles is through solvent evaporation techniques. This approach typically involves the use of a polymer or surfactant solution that contains the materials intended for the nanoparticle structure. During the solvent evaporation process, the solvent gradually leaves the mixture, leading to the formation of a solid shell while leaving a hollow core. This method is advantageous as it allows for precise control over the size and thickness of the shell, and the hollow structure can be utilized for various applications, including drug delivery and catalytic processes.

The other methods mentioned do not specifically lead to the creation of hollow nanoparticles. Mechanical compression primarily involves exerting pressure on materials rather than creating hollow structures. Iron plating generally refers to coating surfaces with iron, which does not align with the production of hollow nanoparticles. Heat treatment usually serves to alter the properties of materials by changing their thermal state rather than forming hollow structures. Thus, solvent evaporation stands out as a recognized technique for producing hollow nanoparticles.