What does mRNA signify in biological processes?

mRNA, or messenger RNA, plays a crucial role in the process of protein synthesis within cells. It serves as an intermediary that transmits genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. Specifically, mRNA is synthesized during transcription, where a segment of DNA is copied into RNA. This mRNA then travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where ribosomes read its sequence to assemble amino acids in the correct order to form a specific protein.

This process underscores the importance of mRNA in relaying instructions from DNA, effectively directing the synthesis of proteins that are essential for various functions and structures in biological systems. By facilitating the expression of genetic information, mRNA is integral to cellular operations and the overall functionality of organisms.