What does biocompatibility refer to in nanomaterials?

Biocompatibility refers to the ability of a material, in this case, nanomaterials, to perform appropriately within a biological system without causing adverse effects. This encompasses how the material interacts with biological tissues, cells, and fluids, allowing for safe integration within living organisms. It is critical for applications such as drug delivery, implants, and tissue engineering, where the materials must not only function effectively but also elicit minimal or no immune response.

For instance, when nanomaterials are utilized in medical applications, their biocompatibility ensures that they can be used safely without causing toxicity or triggering inflammatory responses. This characteristic is essential for the successful translation of nanotechnology into therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Understanding and ensuring biocompatibility is a foundational aspect of nanomaterial design when aimed at biomedical uses.