What are nanostructured materials?

Nanostructured materials are characterized by their engineered structure at the nanoscale, typically within the size range of 1 to 100 nanometers. This precise control over their dimensions allows for specific alterations to their physical, chemical, and biological properties. By manipulating the nanoscale structure, materials can exhibit enhanced functionalities and improved performance characteristics compared to their bulk counterparts. This can include increased strength, lighter weight, improved electrical conductivity, or tailored optical properties, making them suitable for a variety of applications in fields such as electronics, medicine, and energy storage.

The focus on nanoscale engineering leads to innovations that are not achievable with larger-scale materials. For instance, nanoparticles can offer large surface area-to-volume ratios, which can significantly enhance catalytic activity or improve drug delivery systems in medical applications. Thus, the distinctive feature of nanostructured materials lies in their capability to be tailored for specific functions, aligning with the answer provided.